This Arabic instrument is found throughout the Middle East and other Islamic-influenced countries. This is a goblet-shaped drum which is made from earthenware or terra-cotta pottery, wood or metal. The single drum head, made from stretched parchment, bayard-fish, goatskin or other leather, is attached directly to the frame by nails and glue or laced onto the head and body. The bottom of the drum is left open. Usually goblet shaped drums like this are held under a player's arm; you strike the head directly with your hands and fingers. The 'doum' stroke, a resounding lower tone, is made by hitting the center of the drum head; the 'tek' stroke, a higher pitched sound, is created by striking the upper edge of the drumhead with your fingers.
In Iran, a similar instrument known as the dombak , has been an essential part of classical music ensembles, while in Turkey, the goblet-shaped dumbelek is more commonly associated with traditional folk musicians, accompanying singers and wind instruments like |
the zurna. The Syrian daraboukka, like that found in the Stearns Collection , may be used to accompany singers along with an end-blown wooden flute called the nay.
Most of these instruments are intricately decorated, some with wood, tile or ivory inlay, etched metal, or carvings in geometric or representative patterns. Many of these same patterns are found in other creative forms, such as carpets which are traditionally woven by women. These repeated designs have a rich historic and cultural significance for many Islamic communities.
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